Isolation and characterization of feline dental pulp stem cells

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to isolate feline dental pulp stem cells (fDPSCs) and characterize their clonogenic and proliferative abilities, as well as their multipotency, immunophenotype and cytogenetic stability. Methods Dental pulp was isolated by explant culture from two cats <1 year old at post mortem. Their clonogenicity was characterized using a colony-forming unit fibroblast assay, and their proliferative ability was quantified with a doubling time assay in passages 2, 4 and 6 (P2, P4 and P6, respectively). Multipotency was characterized with an in vitro trilineage differentiation assay in P2, and cells were immunophenotyped in P4 by flow cytometry. Chromosomic stability was evaluated by cytogenetic analysis in P2, P4 and P6. Results The fDPSCs displayed spindle and epithelial-like morphologies. Isolated cells showed a marked clonogenic capacity and doubling time was maintained from P2 to P6. Trilineage differentiation was obtained in one sample, while the other showed osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Immunophenotypic analysis showed fDPSCs were CD45–, CD90+ and CD44+. Structural and numerical cytogenetic aberrations were observed in P2–P4. Conclusions and relevance In this study, fDPSCs from two cats were isolated by explant culture and immunophenotyped. Cells displayed clonogenic and proliferative ability, and multipotency in vitro, and signs of chromosomic instability were observed. Although a larger study is needed to confirm these results, this is the first report of fDPSC isolation and in vitro characterization.