La objetivación de la sexualidad juvenil : análisis crítico del discurso de la política transnacional

Abstract

Dada la emergencia de políticas transnacionales que establecen diseños programáticos, metas y objetivos para guiar a los contextos locales en la construcción políticas nacionales orientadas a la disminución de las brechas sociales para fomentar el desarrollo económico, se hace necesario analizar cómo estos marcos construyen discursivamente la sexualidad juvenil como un objeto a ser gestionado. Para ello se realizó un estudio cualitativo empleando un Análisis Crítico del Discurso de un corpus de documentos que establecen directrices y orientaciones técnicas para el desarrollo de una problematización e intervención sobre la sexualidad juvenil desde la educación chilena. Los resultados abordan la configuración de una superficie textual como continuo material por el cual transcurre un modo de acción; una dimensión discursiva que expone tres problematizaciones; a) bienestar para el fomento económico, b) población estratégica para el potencial humano y c) temática estratégica para el potencial humano; y finalmente, el anudamiento de dichos componentes en un dispositivo identificado como Educación Integral de la Sexualidad. Se discuten las implicancias políticas y sociales de la perspectiva desde la cual se establecen lineamientos de focalización sobre la sexualidad juvenil, así como el establecimiento de políticas neoliberales que apelan a la capacitación temprana como una forma de gobierno de las poblaciones en base al desarrollo de habilidades, conocimientos y hábitos para una prevención individual de los riesgos contextuales como modelo para evitar barreras al desarrollo económico de los países.

Considering the emergence of transnational policies that establish programmatic designs, goals and objectives to guide local contexts in the construction of national policies aimed at reducing social gaps in order to promote economic development, it is necessary to analyze how these frameworks discursively construct youth sexuality as an object to be managed. A qualitative study was carried out using a Critical Discourse Analysis of a corpus of documents that establish guidelines and technical orientations for the development of a problematization and intervention on youth sexuality from Chilean education. The results address the configuration of a textual surface as a material continuum through which a mode of action takes place; a discursive dimension that exposes three issues; (1) welfare for economic development, (2) strategic population for human potential and (3) strategic thematic for human potential; and finally, the knotting of these components in a device identified as Comprehensive Sexuality Education. The political and social implications of the perspective from which targeting guidelines on youth sexuality are established are discussed, as well as the establishment of neoliberal policies that appeal to early training as a form of government of the populations based on the development of skills. , knowledge and habits for an individual prevention of contextual risks as a model to avoid barriers to the economic development of countries.

Considering the emergence of transnational policies that establish programmatic designs, goals and objectives to guide local contexts in the construction of national policies aimed at reducing social gaps in order to promote economic development, it is necessary to analyze how these frameworks discursively construct youth sexuality as an object to be managed. A qualitative study was carried out using a Critical Discourse Analysis of a corpus of documents that establish guidelines and technical orientations for the development of a problematization and intervention on youth sexuality from Chilean education. The results address the configuration of a textual surface as a material continuum through which a mode of action takes place; a discursive dimension that exposes three issues; (1) welfare for economic development, (2) strategic population for human potential and (3) strategic thematic for human potential; and finally, the knotting of these components in a device identified as Comprehensive Sexuality Education. The political and social implications of the perspective from which targeting guidelines on youth sexuality are established are discussed, as well as the establishment of neoliberal policies that appeal to early training as a form of government of the populations based on the development of skills. , knowledge and habits for an individual prevention of contextual risks as a model to avoid barriers to the economic development of countries.